Preface

Macleod’s clinical examination 14^th edition provides you the skills of history taking and physical examination are central to the practice of clinical medicine. This Macleod’s clinical examination book describes these and is intended primarily for medical undergraduates. It is also of value to primary care and postgraduate hospital doctors, particularly those studying for higher clinical examinations or returning to clinical practice. The book is also an essential reference for nurse practitioners and other paramedical staff who are involved in the medical assessment f patients. This Macleod’s clinical examination 14^th edition has four sections:

Section: 1 Details the principles of history taking and general examination;

Section: 2 Covers symptoms and signs in individual system examinations;

Section: 3 Reviews specific situations; and a new

Section: 4 Deals with how to apply these techniques in an OSCE.

The text has been extensively revised and edited, with two new chapters on the frail elderly and the febrile adult. The number of illustrations has been increased and many have been updated. Line drawings illustrate surface anatomy and techniques of examination; over 330 photographs show normal and abnormal clinical appearances. We recognize the current debate where some decry clinical examination because of the lack of evidence supporting many techniques.

Where evidence exists, however, we highlight this in a new feature for this edition: evidence-based examination boxes (EBEs). We are convinced of the need to acquire and hone clinical examination skills to avoid unnecessary expensive and potentially harmful over-investigation. Nevertheless, there is a need to evaluate rigorously many clinical symptoms and signs. It is possible to open this book on almost any page and find a topic that cries out for evidence-based analysis. We continue to hope that the book will stimulate this inquiry and would encourage these responses and incorporate them in future editions.

This 14th edition of Macleod’s Clinical Examination – full text, illustrations, and videos – is available in an online version, as part of Elsevier’s ‘Student Consult’ electronic library. It is closely integrated with Davidson’s Principles and Practice of Medicine and is best read in conjunction with that text.

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Details of Macleod’s clinical examination

This Macleod’s Clinical Examination Book contains 400 pages in total.

In 11^th June 2018 it was published in English language.

Copyright: © Elsevier2019

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Editors profile of Macleod’s clinical examination

Graham Douglas “BSc(Hons) MBChB FRCPE“

Consultant Physician

Aberdeen Royal Infirmary

Honorary Reader in Medicine

University of Aberdeen

Fiona Nicol “BSc(Hons) MBBS FRCGP FRCP (Edin)“

Formerly GP Principal and Trainer

Stockbridge Health Centre, Edinburgh

Honorary Clinical Senior Lecturer

University of Edinburgh

Colin Robertson  BA(Hons) MBChB FRCPEd FRCSEd FSAScot

Honorary Professor of Accident and Emergency Medicine

University of Edinburgh

Illustrations by

Robert Britton

Ethan Danielson

Contents

SECTION 1 HISTORY TAKING AND GENERAL EXAMINATION

• Approach to the patient
• History taking
• The general examination

SECTION 2 SYSTEM EXAMINATION

• The skin, hair and nails
• The endocrine system
• The cardiovascular system
• The respiratory system
• The gastrointestinal system
• The renal system
• The reproductive system
• The nervous system
• The visual system
• The ear, nose and throat
• The musculoskeletal system

SECTION 3 EXAMINATION IN SPECIFIC SITUATIONS

• Babies and children
• The frail elderly
• The febrile adult
• Assessment for anaesthesia and sedation
• The critically ill
• Confirming death

SECTION 4 ASSESSING CLINICAL EXAMINATION TECHNIQUE

• OSCEs and other examination formats

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